A solar substation in Rattanak Mondul in Battambang Province in April 2023. Post Staff
Solar energy in Cambodia is an evolving sector increasingly viewed as integral to the country’s energy strategy and climate change mitigation efforts. With solar power now constituting approximately 7 per cent of Cambodia's energy mix — up from zero capacity in 2011 — the nation is beginning to harness its abundant sunlight and high solar irradiance to diversify its energy sources, which have historically been dominated by hydropower and non-renewable fuels.
The rapid growth in solar energy adoption is underscored by the government’s ambitious plans to increase its share to nearly 30 per cent by 2040, as outlined in the Power Development Master Plan for 2022–2040.
Despite these promising developments, the Kingdom faces notable challenges in fully realising its solar potential.
Key issues include regional disparities in renewable energy development, uneven supply chains and the need for substantial infrastructure improvements to support solar initiatives.
Despite this, experts emphasise that the decreasing costs of solar technology, coupled with the government’s commitment to promoting renewable energy, could pave the way for sustainable growth in the sector.
As Cambodia advances its solar strategy, it can draw valuable lessons from South Korea, a country that has successfully scaled its solar initiatives through comprehensive policy support, private sector investment and community engagement efforts.
South Korea’s experience serves as a notable model for Cambodia, showcasing the effectiveness of a robust policy framework and strategic incentives to mobilise private investment in renewable energy. South Korea aims to derive 20 per cent of its energy from renewable sources by 2030 through initiatives like the Green New Deal, large-scale solar installations and financial incentives for solar adoption.
This multifaceted approach not only addresses energy independence but also drives economic growth in the renewable sector, making it a critical reference point for Cambodia as it seeks to enhance its solar capabilities.
In summary, while Cambodia’s solar energy sector is on the rise, it must navigate various challenges and implement effective policies to optimise its potential. By learning from South Korea’s successes and strategies in solar energy development, Cambodia can better position itself in the global renewable energy landscape, promoting sustainability and economic growth through clean energy innovations.
Vichana Sar is a researcher based at the Royal Academy of Cambodia. He holds an MPM from the KDI School of Public Policy and Management and an MEd from the Royal University of Phnom Penh. The views and opinions expressed are his own.
